Carburetor with automatic air feed control



Oct. 2l, 1952 A. c. RUSSELL CARBURETOR WITH AuToMATiC @www dONTRoL.

Filed Aug. y2. 1,948

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Oct. 2l, 1952 A, @RUSS-ELL 2,614,581

` CARBURETOR WITH AUT'pMA'g-Jc AIR FEED CONTROL Filed Aug. 2, 194e I l 2 SHEETS-Smm 2 INIfENToR. Wd/feM//wg /Pmise Patented Cct. 21, 1952 UNITED STATES PAT-ENT OFFICE CRBURETOR WITH AUTOMATICAIRfEEED CONTROL Andrew Craig Russell, Sl1awnee,'0k'la. -ApplicatonlAugust 2, 1948, S'erialNn. :41,933

3 Claims. ..1

'Thisfmvention zrelates -to Acarburetors for internal `combustion .engines embodying the broad principle of foperationfofrny Patent No. 2,366,056, ,fissuedl'December 26,` "19.44, the primary `aim vbeing 'to incorporate in a carburetor all'ofthe advantageous .features of thel aforesaid .patent :and to .improve thereon.

This .-invention .has l'for 1 its most important :ob- .ject Athe 'provision :of la carburetor operating on fthe .-broad principle 'offsuction I created within the 4,internal combustion vengine itself. with which the i carburetor isv designed to be used, said suction .serving lto -draw "fuel from Aa bowl vtherefor to a point where the same mixes-with air, and further, to va .point whereia larger volume of air passingthrough the carburetor admixes lwith -and causes yfurther vaporization of .the vfuel Aprior to .the passage `of the mixture into the engine.

.Another important object of this invention is to .provide novel means yfor controlling .the flow of air through .theycarburetor and Aparticularly to structure that willautomatically feed air inprogressively increased amounts las fuel is simultaneously fed. in progressively lincreased amounts.

.A further .objectof this |invention .is to provide a carburetorhavingafloating typefair valve similar .in many .,respectsvto the aforesaid co-pendingapplications, said. valve controlling the passage rof vair through vthe ,carburetor Vfor mixing withithe .fuel .and being ring-like .for slidably circumscrbing a .tubular elrnentwithin the carburetor casing, saidtubular element .being provided with substantially triangular-shaped` openings for receiving the air as .said valve moves toward thefully openposition, thesaid triangular- ,shaped openings 'havingthir apexes disposed Vadjacent the opposite end of the path of Ytravel ofithe'lvalve.

Another. object of this invention is to provide a y'carburetor -having 'a specially-formed chamber that-progressively increases in cross-sectional area as the normally uppermost end thereof is approached, the above-mentioned ring-'like valve being disposedwithin the chamber and normally at the l'owermostend thereof, `allto the end'that increased amounts 'of airv `are directed to 'the engine as the valve "moves 'toward-the larger end of thechamben 1A still further object v'of *this invention is lto provide Aajsuppor't or seat for the aforesaidrecip- Arocable vvair valve, wthe valve' `and the'sea't lbeing provide'dfw'ith registrablel openings and the seat Abeing rotatable with respect to 'fthe valve, 'to 'the end that'the'size yof Apassageway'provided by the 'openings canbe varied to 7direct selected amounts 'o'f fair throug'hthe `carburetor for 'idling purposes.

Another object of lthe present invention lis 'to Aprovide means f common to *the adjustable valve Yseat and to the vvalve itself 4for selecting'the size .o'ftthe idling Iopenings and, also,'for positioning the valve itself yat :predetermined positionswithdn 1 the above-mentioned 'frusto conical' chamber. I

Many lminor objects relating to-,details of construction willbemade clearas the. following speciflcation progresses, referencebe'ing .had to the yaccompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. r.l isA a vertical, substantially central, cross- .sectional view taken through a carburetorhaving automatic air feed controls made in accordance with.mypresentinvention.

Fig. 2 is asectiona'l view similar to that shown .'in'Fig. 1, butiillustrating the carburetor in a substantially fully open condition. y

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary, cross-'sectional view Ytaken online III- III of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows.

iFig. i4 is-a transverse .cross-,sectionalview taken on line'IV-'IV ofFig. '11, looking in the direction ofthe arrows; and

1Fig."5 is a "fragmentary, stretchedout,perspec tive view ofcertain ofthe parts' of the .carburetor entirelylremoved therefrom.

A hollow casing'broadly designated by the numeral I0 has secured thereto a fuel bowl I2 'by meansv of ;a plurality of bolts or the like i4. As .shown in Figs. 1, 2, and `3,' Vfuel `bowl I2 depends from thev casing I0 and isA provided 'with 'aconventional .drain plug I 6.

A'fioat I8 is disposed withinthe fuel bowl I2 for determining the level of fuel therein,v said float 4I8 pivotally mounted as Aat 20 withiny 'a cavity 22 forming 'a Apart lof the casing Il).` Cavity 22 communicates r`'at-'its lowermost end with 'the fuel 'bowl I2 Iand, also', with-a conduit r2li nhaving connection with a suitablesource of liquid fuel (not shown).Y Conduit-Mis secured directly to the casing iill and has linterposed therein-a `valve 26 that is shiftablef toand from `a closed vposition `by fa vportion ofbrlacket 28 for mounting ffloat I8, said A:bracket 28 extending 'above lthe ,pivot point v2l] within chamber 22 as` clearly 'illustrated 'in Eigslzand 2 ofthe drawing.

rOne'wall of the leasing I0 has la'Z-shaped bore 3.0 .formed therein, '.placingthe bowl -I2 Iabove the .level 4of ifuel therein .into direct communication 'withthe'atmosphere Aset'screw or the like 32 is threaded into this bore 30 intermediate. its endsand is, likewise, .provided withan L-shaped :opening therethrough` that vcommunicates with .bore 30. Obviously, thefturning of screw 32 determines the amount .of/airrthatmay vpass into the. fuelfbowl I2xby wayoffbore 30.

Casing .I U .is provided vwith an `air .inlet i314' and .'a 'conventionalibutterfly valve 436 is 'movable to and from `a .position lclosing thepassage -o`f -air throughrintake :opening 34 yin the usual manner. This .butterfly valve 'L36 has direct connection with either manu-allyl 'operable or automatic choke elements forming a 'spart 4of `the internal .combustion enginerand, since such interconnec- :tion .'formstno partof .this invention, fthe same .hasenotrbeen illustrated.

:The .casing lI0.is,'f-a1so, fprov'idedwith va frusto conical. chamber .1-38 :c'omn'iunicating at "its 'flowermost end with the intake opening 34 and at its uppermost end with a casting 40 that, in turn, communicates with the intake manifold of the automobile. Casting 40 is secured directly to the casing I by means of bolts or the like 42 and presents an air outlet 44 for the carburetor. Itis to be noted that the chamber 38 forming a part of the casing I0 is tubular and its cross-sectional area progressively increases as the uppermost end thereof is approached, all for purposes hereinafter more fully set forth.

A ring-like air valve 46 of the nature shown in Fig. 5, having an outside diameter but slightly less than the inside diameter of chamber 38 at its lowermost end, is disposed in such chamber 38 and mounted upon the uppermost ends of a pair of rods 48 that are free for longitudinal and vertical reciprocation within the bottom wall of casing I8 in the manner clearly illustrated in Figs. l and 2 of the drawing.

The lowermost ends of the posts 48 receive a flat, preferably circular, plate 50 that is disposed within the fuel bowl l2 and of such diameter as to be freely movable vertically therein. The casing I8 and the bowl l2 are interconnected by an elongated member 52 that is hollow throughout its lengths and rigidly secured to the bottom wall of casing l0 by bolts 54. Obviously, the oat I8 will maintain a level of fuel within the bowl l2 at a point substantially midway thereon and, consequently, the lowermost end of the member 52 extends into such liquid fuel.

This lowermost end of the member 52 is provided with a plug 55 having an opening therethrough. for receiving a tapered, elongated valve pin 56. The smaller end of this pin 56 rests directly upon the uppermost face of the plate 58, and the entire pin 56 is free for vertical reciprocating in plug 55 as plate 5D moves within the bowl I2.

A restricted opening 58, concentric with the bore through member 52, is disposed intermediate the ends of the latter andv above the level of fuel within the kbowl l2. vA plurality of angular passageways 60 4formed inthe member 52 place the interior of the member 52 into direct communication with the casing IU and with the ow of air therethrough from inlet 34y to outlet 44.

It is to be noted that these passageways 60 are disposed at an angle capable of `directing the air entering therein in a general direction upwardly and into the member 52 `above the level of f fuel therein, as will hereinafter be more fully described. Consequently, a fuel chamber B2 is formed in themember 52 above the tapered valve 56 and below the innermost ends of the angular passages 60.

The uppermost end of the member 52 terminates above the chamber 38 of casing' I8 and directly within the path of travel of air through the casing l). External threads 64 are formed on the member 52 between the passages 60 and the uppermost end of member 52. These threads 64 receive a head 66 provided with a tapped bore therethrough, said head 66 being, also, externally threaded as at 68 and having an annular, outturned flange 18 intermediate the ends thereof and directly above the threads 68.

As most clearly illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawing,fa shaft 12 traverses the casing I0 and is journalled Within the walls thereof, said shaft 12 being provided with threads 14 that are in mesh with. the threads 68 of the head 66. One end of the shaft 'I2 extends to the exterior of casing l0 and is provided with a knurled grip 16 permitting manual rotation thereof.

The internal diameter of the ring-like air valve 46 is less than the outside diameter of the ange 10 of head 66 and a plurality of notches 18 and 80 are formed in the valve 46 and ilange '16, respectively. Thus, as shown in Fig. l of the drawing, the valve 46 may rest directly upon the out-turned flange 10 and, as the head 66 is caused to rotate upon the member 52, the notches B8 thereof will be brought into and out of register with the notches 'I8 of ring 46.

Thus, even with the valve 46 at the lowermost end of its path of travel, air may pass from inlet 45 to outlet 44 to an extent depending upon the selected position of the head `66 as determined by rotation of shaft '12. A locking clamp 82 holds the shaft 'l2 against rotation when the size of the openings, as defined by notches 18 and 80, are set as desired. It is, also, notable that rotation of the head 66 will raise and lower the valve 46 with respect to the lowermost end of the chamber 38 and the extent of air that may pass around the exterior of valve 4S is thereby varied because of the particular contour of chamber 38.

A tubular member broadly designated by the numeral 84 extends upwardly from the uppermost face of the out-turned flange 'l0 and is preferably cast integrally with the body 66. This cylindrical member 84 is open at its uppermost end and circumscribing not only that portion of head 66 extending above flange 7i) but, also, completely encircles a portion of the member 52 that extends above the head 66.

Cylinder 84 is, also, provided with a plurality of trapezoid openings 86 in the side walls thereof. These openings 86 progressively increase in width as the uppermost end of cylinder 84 is approached, and the angularity of the side edges of these openings 85 is chosen in accordance with the angularity of the walls of chamber 38, all to the end that the amount of air which will pass from inlet opening 34 to outlet opening 44 is progressively increasedy as the air valve 46 approaches the uppermost end of its path of travel.

In operation, the amountfof air that is always free to pass through the casing l D for idling purposes is initially determined by adjustment of the shaft 72. As above made clear, such air passes not only around the periphery of valve 46 but through the openings provided by bringing notches 'I8 and 86 o f valve 46 and flange 1l),I respectively, into register.

Such idling air passes directly upwardly into therchamber 38 and thus through the outlet opening 44. Such 'adjustment of the shaft 'l2 will, also, determine the extent to which fuel Valve 56 is opened to permit passage of fuel from the bowl I2 to mixing chamber 62. Air is, also, always freeto flow into the passages 60 from inlet 34 wherethe same creates a suction at the innermost endsl thereof within the member 52. Such suction serves to draw the raw fuel upwardly from valve 56 past restriction 58and into the mixing chamber 62;

During idling, the air that passes into the chamber 38 and thence upwardly along the member 52 will, also, create a suction at the uppermost end of member 52 to draw the mixed air and fuel therefrom. When such mixture passes outwardly from the member 52, it will. also, mix with the air that is moving upwardly from chamber 38, and further vaporization takes most end of its path of travel.

l84 cooperates with the chamber 38 in such funcythe mixing chamber 62.

place prior to passage into the engine by way of outlet 44.

It is apparent that a column of fuel is always present within the member 52 at a point above the level of fuel within the bowl I2, since the moment that suction is created within member 52, additional air will enter the bore 30 and direct itself against the level of fuel within bowl I2. Consequently, the suction that is created within the member 52 adjacent the innermost ends of the passages 6B will always draw raw fuel from such column of fuel in mixing chamber 62.

A butterfly valve (not shown) of conventional character is provided within the passageway from outlet 44 to the inlet manifold of the engine. Such butterfly valve controls the amount of suction that is permitted to pass from the engine to the casing I0 and is connected to any type of control or accelerator as desired.

When such butterfly valve is moved toward the fully opened position, and suction within the engine is permitted to pass to a greater extent toward the casing I0, increased suction within the chamber 38 will cause the valve 46 to raise from its seated position upon the flange 10. Increased amounts of fuel will thereby enter the member 52 around valve 56 and increased amounts of air will pass into chamber 38 around the valve 46.

There will be no on rush of air into the chamber 3 8, however, since the extent of passage of such air is controlled not only by the inclined walls of chamber 38 but by the openings 86 in cylinder 84. The amount of air that can pass directly into chamber 38 progressively increases 'as the valve 46 approaches the uppermost end of its path of travel. By the same token, the amount of air that can pass into the cylinder 84 by way of openings 86 and around the flange 'I0 progressively increases as valve 46 approaches the uppermost end of cylinder 84.

Fig. 2 of the drawing clearly illustrated the way in whichl a gradual increase in combined passageway for' the air through the casing I0 is provided when the valve I46 is at the upper- The cylinder tion and, additionally, serves to channel the incoming air into a column surrounding the chamber 52, thereby creating a more effective suction area at the uppermost end of member 52 for drawing the air and fuel mixture from The desired turbulence or air within the chamber 38 is maintained and even certain amountsy of such air will be drawn into the n lcylinder 84 through passages 86 because of the [creationfofa suction at the openings 86 as air passes upwardly and outwardly from the upperymost open end of cylinder 84. It is apparent from the foregoing that the f carburetor above described operates in the same manner as my above-mentioned patent with respect tov admixture of air and,` fuel and as to control of the iloating air valve by suction created within the engine. The improvements,

itself, andthe way in which the passage of air is deiinitelycontrolled as it iiows from inlet 34 y Ato outlet 44, all combined provide a carburetor 1 that is more efcient in its operation and capable of creating increased performance and tremendous saving in fuel consumption.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a carburetor, a case having an air passage therethrough and provided with an inlet end and an outlet end; valve structure within said air passage and including a rotatable, valvesupporting member; means for rotating said member; an elongated cylinder on the member between the latter and said outlet end of the air passage, one end of the cylinder proximal to the said outlet end of the air passage being open and its opposite end being closed by said member and an annular valve circumscribing said cylinder and slidably mounted thereon for reciprocable movement on the longitudinal axis of the cylinder toward and away from a position resting on said member; a plurality of notches formed in said member and in said valve respectively, the notches of the member being registrable with corresponding notches of the valve when the valve is resting on the member and upon rotation vof the member to a predetermined position relative to the valve to present a number of ducts for flow of air from said inlet end to said outlet end of the air passage; and a plurality of elongated side openings formed in said cylinder and having their longitudinal axes extending longitudinally .of the cylinder, the width of said openings progressively increasing as said open end of the cylinder is approached.

2. In a carburetor as set forthl in claim 1 wherein said case is provided with a frustoconical chamber circumscribing the valve and the cylinder and defining a portion of said air passage, the diameter of the chamber progressively increasing as the outlet end of said air passage is approached, the walls of the case forming the chamber being spaced from the valve when the latter is resting on the member.

3. In a carburetor as set forth in claim 1 wherein said case is provided with a frustoconical chamber circumscribing the valve and the cylinder and defining a portion of said air passage, the diameter of the chamber progressively increasing as the outlet end of said air passage is approached, the walls` of the case forming the chamber being spaced from the valve when the latter is resting on the member, and wherein there is provided an elongated screw-threaded mounting co-axial with said cylinder, said member encircling the mounting and having screw threads in mesh with the threads of said mounting whereby to vary the position of the valve relative tor the chamber when the valve is resting on the member and upon rotation of the latter with respect to said mounting.

ANDREW CRAIG RUSSELL.

v REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent: e

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,395,950 `En Earl Nov. 1, 1921 1,439,573 Orem Dec. 19, 1922 2,035,570 Robidoux Mar. 31, 1936 2,118,038 Broderson et al. May 24, 1938 2,366,056 Russell Dec. 26, 1944 

